Protective effects of barley and wheat grasses on nephrotoxicity in rats and some biochemical parameters induced by tramadol

The present study was conducted to evaluate the protective effects of  barley and wheat grasses against tramadol induced nephrotoxicity, biochemical changes as well as oxidative stress in adult male albino rats. A total of thirty male albino rats (150-200g) were divided into two main groups, The first main group was fed on basal diet and administrated distilled water orally for 30 days and kept as normal (-ve) control. The second main group was fed on basal diet and administrated tramadol (30mg/kg/day) orally for 30 days  to induce nephrotoxicity in male rats. After that, the rats in the second main group (25 rats ) were divided into five subgroups (each group consisted of 5 rats). Sub1; received tramadol and kept as tramadol group, Sub2; received tramadol + barley grass (250mg/kg/day), Sub3; received tramadol + barley grass (500mg/kg/day), Sub4; received tramadol + wheat grass (250mg/kg/day) and Sub5; received tramadol + wheat grass (500mg/kg/day) orally for 30 days.  Biological evaluation including FI, BWG %  and FER was carried. (Relative kidneys weight were calculated). Serum was taken out from blood and assessed for creatinine , urea, uric acid, total protein,  albumin, globulin, malondialdehyde (MDA) , nitric oxide (NO), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX). Kidneys were removed, weighed and  also evaluated for malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), catalase (CAT) and reduced glutathione (GSH) in its tissues. In conclusion, the study showed that administration of barley and wheat grasses at high doses (500mg/kg/day) with tramadol improved the nephrotoxicity, the biochemical changes and antioxidant enzymes in both of serum and kidneys tissues might  be due to the possible antioxidant content.